Tunable modulators based on single and double graphene-based resonator systems in the mid-infrared spectrum

چکیده مقاله

Tunable modulators based on single and double graphene-based resonator systems are studied numerically in the mid-infrared spectrum. Employing 3D-FDTD (3D Finite-Difference Time-Domain) simulations, multiple factors are discussed, including the geometrical parameters on the resonance wavelengths of single resonator systems, modulation depth calculations, and especially negative, positive and linear amplitude modulation are discussed for first time in current research. Furthermore, plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) windows are revealed for double resonator systems, and modulation depth as well as the negative and positive amplitude modulation are examined for two different wavelengths. The maximum value of modulation depth is 74 %, and linear modulation depth is 65 %. Moreover, for double resonator systems, a slow light capability is realized. The maximum t_g equals 0.2 ps which coincides with 60 µm of light traveling in a vacuum.