بررسی هورمونهای عصبی و miRNAهای مرتبط با تخریب سیستم عصبی در بیماران دیابتی

چکیده:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an age-related metabolic disorder affecting 347 million people in modern society. Expanding its prevalence beyond developed countries, DM has emerged as a global public health issue associated with a high morbidity and mortality. According to an estimation by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the global population affected by diabetes will reach 552 million by the year 2030. DM is a complex disease characterized by an insufficient secretion of insulin from pancreatic β-cells that prevents the normal maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis However, the major mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of diabetes remain obscure. With the recent discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs), these small ribonucleotides have been implicated as new players in the pathogenesis of diabetes and diabetes-associated complications. MiRNAs have been shown to regulate insulin production, insulin secretion, and insulin action. Interest in the functions of microRNAs in the nervous system has recently expanded to include their roles in neurodegeneration. Investigations have begun to reveal the influence of miRNAs on both neuronal survival and the accumulation of toxic proteins that are associated with neurodegeneration, and are providing clues as to how these toxic proteins can influence miRNA expression. microRNAs (miRNAs) act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in diverse cellular and developmental processes. Many miRNAs are expressed specifically in the central nervous system, where they have roles in differentiation, neuronal survival, and potentially also in plasticity and learning. The absence of miRNAs in a variety of specific postmitotic neurons can lead to progressive loss of these neurons and behavioral defects reminiscent of the phenotypes seen in the pathologies of neurodegenerative diseases. the aim of the present research is to evaluate of neurohormones (dopamine, oxytocin) and miRNAs (miR-128, miR-107, miR-802, miR-27) related to neuropathy and inflammation in blood samples of in diabetic patient.